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Cognitive Map in Large Language Models

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arXiv:2610.25596v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: It has long been proposed that animals construct cognitive maps to support flexible behavior in novel environments. We tested whether large language models form similar representations using relational reasoning tasks and causal "mosaic experiments" that manipulate internal activations in open-weight language models. Models beyond the ten-billion-parameter scale successfully inferred unstated relationships between entities and generalized to synthetic entity names. Across model and task families, models generated abstract representations of relational structure and combined them additively with representations of entity identity, binding entities to roles within that structure. Models stored observed relationships as pairwise links that they composed retrospectively when queried, rather than prospectively positioning each entity in a global coordinate system. Binding was mediated by a sparse, distributed set of key--value pairs; by perturbing these pairs, we implanted "false memories" that altered model behavior in predictable ways. Overall, our findings reveal an internal organization analogous to a cognitive map that explains how language models reason with limited information.

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采集于 2026/10/20 21:06:31(北京时间)。 arXiv 日期为本次公告时间,论文初次投稿日期请查看原文版本记录。

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